French Revolution article grouping
Freedom -
In the category Freedom I have these articles sorted into the category:
1 - Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good.
11 - The free communication of ideas and opinions is one of the most precious of the rights of man. Every citizen may, accordingly, speak, write, and print with freedom, but shall be responsible for such abuses of this freedom as shall be defined by law.
In the category of freedom i have put articles 1 and 11 because I believe that they are most fitted into this category and talk about how men are born freely and how citizens may, accordingly, speak, write, and print with freedom, but shall be responsible for such abuses of this freedom as shall be defined by law.
Law -
In the category of Law I have these articles sorted into the category:
2 - The aim of all political association is the preservation of the natural and imperceptible rights of man. These rights are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.
3 - The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. No body nor individual may exercise any authority which does not proceed directly from the nation.
5 - Law can only prohibit such actions as are hurtful to society. Nothing may be prevented which is not forbidden by law, and no one may be forced to do anything not provided for by law.
6 - Law is the expression of the general will. Every citizen has a right to participate personally, or through his representative, in its foundation. It must be the same for all, whether it protects or punishes. All citizens, being equal in the eyes of the law, are equally eligible to all dignities and to all public positions and occupations, according to their abilities, and without distinction except that of their virtues and talents.
16 - A society in which the observance of the law is not assured, nor the separation of powers defined, has no constitution at all.
17 - Since property is an inviolable and sacred right, no one shall be deprived thereof except where public necessity, legally determined, shall clearly demand it, and then only on condition that the owner shall have been previously and equitably indemnified.
I have sorted articles 2, 3, 5, 6, 16 and 17 into the category of Law. In these articles they talk about the enforcement of law and how they were essential to the nation.
Human Rights -
In the category of Human Rights I have these articles sorted into the category:
4 -Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else; hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no limits except those which assure to the other members of the society the enjoyment of the same rights. These limits can only be determined by law.
7 -No person shall be accused, arrested, or imprisoned except in the cases and according to the forms prescribed by law. Any one soliciting, transmitting, executing, or causing to be executed, any arbitrary order, shall be punished. But any citizen summoned or arrested in virtue of the law shall submit without delay, as resistance constitutes an offense.
8 - The law shall provide for such punishments only as are strictly and obviously necessary, and no one shall suffer punishment except it be legally inflicted in virtue of a law passed and promulgated before the commission of the offense.
9 - As all persons are held innocent until they shall have been declared guilty, if arrest shall be deemed indispensable, all harshness not essential to the securing of the prisoner's person shall be severely repressed by law.
10 - No one shall be disquieted on account of his opinions, including his religious views, provided their manifestation does not disturb the public order established by law.
13 - A common contribution is essential for the maintenance of the public forces and for the cost of administration. This should be equitably distributed among all the citizens in proportion to their means.
14 - All the citizens have a right to decide, either personally or by their representatives, as to the necessity of the public contribution; to grant this freely; to know to what uses it is put; and to fix the proportion, the mode of assessment and of collection and the duration of the taxes.
15 - Society has the right to require of every public agent an account of his administration.
Human Rights has the largest amount of articles in the category, these articles are 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14 and 15. I sorted them into this category because in the articles it states things about all of the citizens having the right to have a say in political decisions and have fair contributions.
Government -
In the category of Government I have this article sorted into the category:
13 - A common contribution is essential for the maintenance of the public forces and for the cost of administration. This should be equitably distributed among all the citizens in proportion to their means.
12 - The security of the rights of man and of the citizen requires public military forces. These forces are, therefore, established for the good of all and not for the personal advantage of those to whom they shall be intrusted.
In the category of Government i have put articles 12 and 13 because i thought that they where most fitted to the category. In the articles they state things about the force and power the government had.
In the category Freedom I have these articles sorted into the category:
1 - Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good.
11 - The free communication of ideas and opinions is one of the most precious of the rights of man. Every citizen may, accordingly, speak, write, and print with freedom, but shall be responsible for such abuses of this freedom as shall be defined by law.
In the category of freedom i have put articles 1 and 11 because I believe that they are most fitted into this category and talk about how men are born freely and how citizens may, accordingly, speak, write, and print with freedom, but shall be responsible for such abuses of this freedom as shall be defined by law.
Law -
In the category of Law I have these articles sorted into the category:
2 - The aim of all political association is the preservation of the natural and imperceptible rights of man. These rights are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.
3 - The principle of all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation. No body nor individual may exercise any authority which does not proceed directly from the nation.
5 - Law can only prohibit such actions as are hurtful to society. Nothing may be prevented which is not forbidden by law, and no one may be forced to do anything not provided for by law.
6 - Law is the expression of the general will. Every citizen has a right to participate personally, or through his representative, in its foundation. It must be the same for all, whether it protects or punishes. All citizens, being equal in the eyes of the law, are equally eligible to all dignities and to all public positions and occupations, according to their abilities, and without distinction except that of their virtues and talents.
16 - A society in which the observance of the law is not assured, nor the separation of powers defined, has no constitution at all.
17 - Since property is an inviolable and sacred right, no one shall be deprived thereof except where public necessity, legally determined, shall clearly demand it, and then only on condition that the owner shall have been previously and equitably indemnified.
I have sorted articles 2, 3, 5, 6, 16 and 17 into the category of Law. In these articles they talk about the enforcement of law and how they were essential to the nation.
Human Rights -
In the category of Human Rights I have these articles sorted into the category:
4 -Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else; hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no limits except those which assure to the other members of the society the enjoyment of the same rights. These limits can only be determined by law.
7 -No person shall be accused, arrested, or imprisoned except in the cases and according to the forms prescribed by law. Any one soliciting, transmitting, executing, or causing to be executed, any arbitrary order, shall be punished. But any citizen summoned or arrested in virtue of the law shall submit without delay, as resistance constitutes an offense.
8 - The law shall provide for such punishments only as are strictly and obviously necessary, and no one shall suffer punishment except it be legally inflicted in virtue of a law passed and promulgated before the commission of the offense.
9 - As all persons are held innocent until they shall have been declared guilty, if arrest shall be deemed indispensable, all harshness not essential to the securing of the prisoner's person shall be severely repressed by law.
10 - No one shall be disquieted on account of his opinions, including his religious views, provided their manifestation does not disturb the public order established by law.
13 - A common contribution is essential for the maintenance of the public forces and for the cost of administration. This should be equitably distributed among all the citizens in proportion to their means.
14 - All the citizens have a right to decide, either personally or by their representatives, as to the necessity of the public contribution; to grant this freely; to know to what uses it is put; and to fix the proportion, the mode of assessment and of collection and the duration of the taxes.
15 - Society has the right to require of every public agent an account of his administration.
Human Rights has the largest amount of articles in the category, these articles are 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14 and 15. I sorted them into this category because in the articles it states things about all of the citizens having the right to have a say in political decisions and have fair contributions.
Government -
In the category of Government I have this article sorted into the category:
13 - A common contribution is essential for the maintenance of the public forces and for the cost of administration. This should be equitably distributed among all the citizens in proportion to their means.
12 - The security of the rights of man and of the citizen requires public military forces. These forces are, therefore, established for the good of all and not for the personal advantage of those to whom they shall be intrusted.
In the category of Government i have put articles 12 and 13 because i thought that they where most fitted to the category. In the articles they state things about the force and power the government had.